Beyond Money: How Self-Help Groups are Changing the Lives of Tribal Women in Laxmipur, Koraput

Abstract

For a long time, economic programs treated poor rural women as passive recipients of charity. This case study turns that idea on its head. By examining 25 Self-Help Groups (SHGs) across 5 village clusters (Gram Panchayats) in the Laxmipur Block of Koraput District, Odisha, we look at how small, informal savings groups help tribal women build real autonomy. Using surveys, focus groups, and 7 deep-dive case studies, we found that when women control their own savings, they don't just start small businesses. They gain the standing to stand up against domestic abuse, fix failing public food distribution systems, and challenge local political leaders. The paper argues that true empowerment isn't just about giving someone a loan; it's about providing a safe, reliable group space where women can build collective strength.