Contemporary Challenges and Innovative Approaches in Teaching Engineering and Computer Graphics Based on Technical Drawing Standards

Abstract

Engineering and computer graphics play a crucial role in modern technical education, serving as the foundation for engineering thinking, spatial visualization, and technical communication. However, rapid digital transformation, the dominance of automated design tools, and declining manual drafting skills have created new challenges in teaching graphics disciplines. This study examines current issues in teaching engineering and computer graphics within the framework of technical drawing standards and proposes pedagogical strategies for improving educational outcomes. Using analytical, comparative, and pedagogical review methods, the study identifies gaps between traditional drafting instruction and modern digital engineering practice. The results highlight the need for integrative teaching approaches that combine classical drafting principles with digital design tools, project-based learning, and competency-based assessment. The study concludes that strengthening conceptual drawing skills alongside digital competencies is essential for preparing future engineers capable of accurate technical communication and innovative design.